PROCESSING AND MARKETING OF ANIMAL PRODUCTS SS2

Processing of animal products refers to the conversion of animal products in their raw or primary forms into secondary products which can be consumed by man or stored for future use. Examples of primary products include eggs, milk, hide and skin etc. This primary products can be consumed directly by man with no processing. Examples of secondary products include conversion of primary products such as eggs, meat, milk, etc into sausage, milk powder, whey, yoghurt, burger, meat pie etc.
IMPORTANCE FOR PROCESSING ANIMAL PRODUCTS

1. proper Storage: Processed animal products are better stored than when they are in their primary forms.
2. Better Usage of products : Processed animal products are better used than when they are in their raw forms.
3. Varieties of purpose: Processed animal products are better used for varieties of purposes for example, milk can be converted into chess, yoghurt, milk powder.
4. It ensure proper handling: Process animal products are easy and more comfortable to handle than they are in their primary forms.
5. For future use: Processed animal products are properly used for future purposes.
6. Ease of transportation : Processed animal products are more easier to transport than when the are in their raw forms.
7. Ease of packaging : Processed animal products are easy to package for example egg powder can be packaged in bottles or cartons.
   PROCESSING OF MILK
   Milk is derived from animals that have mammary glands such as cow, sheep and goats. Milk derived from goats has been graded as the richest and the beat milk than that of cows or sheep. The method by which milk is secreted into mammary glands of farm animals is called lactogenesis. The first milk produced immediately after parturition is called colostrum. It contains some antibodies against disease to which the mother has been exposed.
   METHOD OF MILK EXTRACTION FROM FARM ANIMAL
   There are two major methods of extracting milk from farm animals. These are:
8. Hand milking method: This involves the use of two hands by the farmer to milk the animals. It is tedious and and time wasting. Untrimmed finger nails can cause injury to the mammary gland or udder of the farm animals, leading to infections. Milk derived from this method is not always hygienic for human consumption.
9. Machine milking method: It is used for commercial purposes. It can produce a large quantity of milk from many female animals within the shortest possible time.
   PRESERVATION OF MILK
   Milk can be preserved by
10. Pasteurilisation: Pasteurisation is the process by which the milk substance collected from farm animals with the aid of milking machine is made fit for human consumption. It involves heating and cooling of the milk below the boiling point of water.
11. Sterilisation : This is another way of preserving milk at the temperature above the boiling point of water. By this method the germs are destroyed.
    ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF MILK
12. Milk is a source of protein in food.
13. It can be used in raising foster calves, lamb or children
14. It is used in the preparation of baby of food
15. It supplies minerals to livestock
16. It is use as extender in artificial insemination practices
17. It is used in the preparation of diary products such as butter, cheese, yoghurt etc.